In defending a client, which statement best reflects the duty of counsel regarding pleas and evidence?

• A. Clients decide whether to plead guilty or give evidence
• B. The lawyer decides whether the client should plead guilty
• C. The court determines the plea on the basis of evidence
• D. The prosecution controls whether evidence is presented

Answer: (A)

The main idea is that the client has the authority to decide on pleas and on giving evidence. In defending a client, counsel’s job is to provide clear, frank advice about the consequences and possibilities of pleading guilty or calling/witnessing, and to ensure the client understands the options and risks. But the final decision rests with the client, not with the lawyer, the court, or the prosecution. This respects the client’s autonomy and ensures instructions are followed unless they are unlawful or impossible.

That’s why the statement stating that clients decide whether to plead guilty or give evidence is the best reflection of the duty. The other options misstate the roles: a lawyer does not unilaterally decide the plea, the court does not decide the client’s plea on the basis of evidence alone, and the prosecution does not control whether evidence is presented.